Clayton Christensen's 1997 blueprint on how small startups dethrone massive tech giants.

Part—1

Why do great companies fail?

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Still lose

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Industry giants.

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Invested in

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fewer resources.

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Disruptive innovation

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the pattern.

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between them.

[{"selector":"#anim-ee31570c-8959-4c43-940f-1c0e2a41133e","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":250,"duration":750,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-bae01c77-875b-4ac7-a8ae-b9b02f84aa19","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":500,"duration":0,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-f29150c7-1691-45e6-9637-c9720b04213b","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":500,"duration":0,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-6ff5ebdd-dd81-49f5-8e8b-2b91c2aa0b49","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":1750,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-e77ec5fd-8dd1-411d-99b8-074499770722","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(0px, 156.83385%, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":1750,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-417bc19e-4e24-4666-9420-45291fe85c57","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":1750,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-20f9516e-0aa8-445d-8e7b-529d1301a0f4","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(0px, 155.55554%, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":1750,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-79388e71-9bbe-4da9-96e6-812d73bbe522","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":500,"duration":0,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-119dbc50-0cfe-436d-aa66-82e5acadf8d7","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":500,"duration":0,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-c0cae433-2ccf-42e8-a121-149a185d0a6d","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":500,"duration":0,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-9d9d437b-890e-4d59-a041-68607c238aaa","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":500,"duration":0,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-819666b1-f124-4a00-9148-709286a1d0d8","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":500,"duration":0,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] Curved Dotted Line Image credit: christenseninstitute.org

good management.

[{"selector":"#anim-a548d281-e1b1-4ad5-a83a-5b26e2395f3f","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":350,"duration":250,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-8bbb14b4-ceb8-4abd-b601-c9580bf78dc6","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":350,"duration":250,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-af507f22-c21d-41a2-be5b-c539c8f3b7a4","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":2500,"duration":0,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-6f6b1816-056a-4a1a-9de3-a43fffdf03a7","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":2500,"duration":0,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-38f7b258-1c1f-467f-a72c-6ea7779f0db0","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":1250,"duration":0,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-37183493-da44-4ea2-a7a3-55bfcbb4cc0b","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":2500,"duration":0,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-93caa1d5-cc40-4ba0-97b9-5433ca83171b","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":3750,"duration":0,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-6e59286c-3860-4f73-8104-9a9634daab01","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":5200,"duration":250,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-e08875c6-243f-4e3c-a481-8a2a14cbbc5d","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":5200,"duration":250,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-90fa03d7-2856-466d-a4af-c5256583d206","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":5250,"duration":250,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-1ffb9433-c2de-4d27-b010-1098c27c4f1c","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":5250,"duration":250,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-ca77ec5f-bc39-4e9b-8dfe-6a3e1f54cbf6","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":6550,"duration":250,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-b767a68b-0b1a-462e-8a0f-87eca427b37a","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":6550,"duration":250,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-51c44a62-4900-4058-8a50-d123e492e93c","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":250,"duration":250,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-42ceee84-60e3-45b1-9fb9-12c2cea5355d","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":250,"duration":250,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-13b0e24e-1e78-4117-8b21-f99828bb839b","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":300,"duration":250,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-eed51e09-5dd3-424d-9ea3-1f12c672c75d","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":300,"duration":250,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-32b39ccb-32c2-4edc-a1b8-e7fc983d8ce7","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":200,"duration":250,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-7a9ad7c5-85ae-43d2-bf5a-35f28a8604e8","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":200,"duration":250,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-7f04dabc-3a7c-4086-9765-2835c2732148","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":6500,"duration":250,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-e904af51-d6ca-4283-b404-a23b573d1105","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":6500,"duration":250,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] Arrow Image credit: wikipedia.org

They all made

[{"selector":"#anim-dbaf2e8c-4b99-4304-bff1-9df3e988086c","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":2000,"duration":0,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-ff5ecb77-b314-4030-bef0-6d6a1091084a","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":500,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-47e16551-a294-4046-81f7-cb573687cbb1","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(0px, 313.6322%, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":500,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-b0c781f3-ec76-4a9a-bbd8-8d072f38d2e5","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":2000,"duration":0,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-55af2c00-8ec4-430d-bd40-f32bad8f8acb","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":500,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-cb66c284-7ef9-4aa7-8ddb-2f42fede1ad3","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":500,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-7384fa73-5bef-48ef-a1d3-8957a86240c0","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":500,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-b3699f0a-d48b-4643-8421-2b0e60dd94d4","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(162.99999%, 0px, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":500,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-47c70606-76d8-44a3-86fd-0e6cfeacb786","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":500,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-35df7b6e-574f-4eda-bdce-e37b22bc4445","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(-162.99999%, 0px, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":500,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-9db52190-9974-4517-84a9-2a070de53fba","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":500,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-22655249-d8cb-4301-bf01-8f139c958cde","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":500,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] Arrow

Did exactly what

[{"selector":"#anim-d8d596d9-016f-48ba-b4d5-e3f66e14e835","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-0fd6b83a-375f-4f0e-897b-ddf1a88b2846","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(229.33333%, 0px, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-b61c6168-3a26-4a22-aae1-740f839dea41","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-390c1b3f-e4df-43cd-8caf-1045797b431c","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(-200%, 0px, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-d4c75a49-9724-42a4-bba3-87378b589797","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-f5a17edb-eeb9-431b-8522-e7f736b723b2","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-af2b8d3e-f92d-4e3a-a067-89178f81d11a","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":1000,"duration":0,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-d7420acf-831f-44e5-bd85-25d91649a87e","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":2500,"duration":0,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}]

Sustaining vs Disruptive.

[{"selector":"#anim-b5925abd-9553-4c68-b0d3-e16f2604621d","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":1750,"duration":0,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-778d8784-4952-40da-a491-ae0b331ebe8d","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":500,"duration":0,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-2bc8fa52-575e-4fb0-9dfb-109f0d33f328","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-e96ca084-474c-4394-b5e1-6d84e3ed9e62","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(115.18987%, 0px, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-28cde94e-5c40-47dd-87b9-2806084d5b3a","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-001f72dc-487b-4b26-aa10-65c08f46d0b3","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(-115.18988%, 0px, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}]

Better products.

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Cheaper products.

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Continued in Part—2

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Clayton Christensen's 1997 blueprint on how small startups dethrone massive tech giants.

The Innovator's Dilemma — Why Good Management Fails (1/4)

PART 1/4

Part—1

Why do great companies fail?

The Puzzle

Still lose

Still lose

Seasoned thinkers

Smart leaders

Great companies

Industry giants.

Market leaders.

DEC

Kodak

Sears

Bor- ders

Invested in

Did everything right ✔

Listened to customers ✔

R&D ✔

fewer resources.

fewer resources.

Newbies with

smaller players.

smaller players.

Still lost to

Disruptive innovation

The Answer

the pattern.

the pattern.

Christensen recognized

Christensen recognized

between them.

between them.

The common link

The common link

good management.

good management.

It was

he said.

bad management,

It wasn't

They all made

the same error.

Did exactly what

Did exactly what

the playbook said.

the playbook said.

Sustaining vs Disruptive.

Two Paths

Better products.

Same market.

01

Path 1:

Sustaining.

Sustaining.

Cheaper products.

New market.

(or low-end of existing market)

02

Path 2:

Disruptive.

Disruptive.

Continued in Part—2

VIEW PART—2

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